Efectos de la crisis de hidrocarburos en las migraciones desde los países de la CAN entre 2003 – 2015
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2019
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Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Economía, Empresa y Desarrollo Sostenible – FEEDS. Negocios y Relaciones Internacionales
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Los países de la Comunidad Andina de Naciones se caracterizan por la alta producción de hidrocarburos dentro de su territorio. A raíz de las crisis económicas se presentan consecuencias en ámbitos tanto laborales como sociales, por lo que la presente investigación buscó analizar cuáles fueron los efectos de la crisis de hidrocarburos sobre las migraciones en los países de la CAN. Por lo tanto, se realizó una caracterización de la crisis de hidrocarburos que afectó a los países de la CAN, se describió el proceso migratorio entre el año 2003 y el 2015 en los países de la CAN y, finalmente, se identificó la forma en la que dicha crisis afectó a los países de la CA La presente investigación utilizó técnicas de análisis documental y de contenido, las cuales permitieron analizar los distintos cambios en términos migratorios relevantes en el desarrollo de los objetivos de investigación (Spizer, 2014; Kalu, 1994; Perz, 2000). En cuanto a resultados, se observó cómo las crisis económicas de cada país se ven reflejados en los incrementos de las migraciones, a pesar de ello para cada uno de los miembros de la CAN existen razones de tipo económico, social y cultural que influyen en la decisión de qué país es el destino para los migrantes. La escasez de oportunidades locales es una importante motivación que encuentran los migrantes y la que los obliga a partir en busca de ellas.
The countries of the Andean Community of Nations are characterized by the high production of hydrocarbons within their territory. As a result of the economic crises there are consequences in both labor and social areas, so this research sought to analyze what were the effects of the hydrocarbon crisis on migration in the countries of the CAN. Therefore, a characterization of the hydrocarbon crisis that affected the countries of the Andean Community was made and the migratory process between 2003 and 2015 was described; finally, the way in which this crisis affected these countries was identified. This research used documentary and content analysis techniques, which allowed for the analysis of the different changes in migratory terms relevant to the development of the research objectives (Spizer, 2014; Kalu, 1994; Perz, 2000). In terms of results, it was observed how the economic crises in each country are reflected in the increases in migration, despite this for each of the CAN members there are economic, social and cultural reasons that influence the decision of which country is the destination for migrants. The scarcity of local opportunities is an important motivation that migrants find and that forces them to leave in search of them.
The countries of the Andean Community of Nations are characterized by the high production of hydrocarbons within their territory. As a result of the economic crises there are consequences in both labor and social areas, so this research sought to analyze what were the effects of the hydrocarbon crisis on migration in the countries of the CAN. Therefore, a characterization of the hydrocarbon crisis that affected the countries of the Andean Community was made and the migratory process between 2003 and 2015 was described; finally, the way in which this crisis affected these countries was identified. This research used documentary and content analysis techniques, which allowed for the analysis of the different changes in migratory terms relevant to the development of the research objectives (Spizer, 2014; Kalu, 1994; Perz, 2000). In terms of results, it was observed how the economic crises in each country are reflected in the increases in migration, despite this for each of the CAN members there are economic, social and cultural reasons that influence the decision of which country is the destination for migrants. The scarcity of local opportunities is an important motivation that migrants find and that forces them to leave in search of them.
Palabras clave
Producción de hidrocarburos, Crisis económicas, Crisis de hidrocarburos, Migraciones