Cultivo de maíz (Zea mays) impacto agrisure viptera 3 como modelo de desarrollo agrícola para los productores de la Vereda La Plata municipio de Pore, Casanare
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2022
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Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Ingeniería Agronómica
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El proyecto se ejecutó con el propósito de implementar alternativas de manejo tecnificado en los sistemas productivos de los agricultores, mejorando así la rentabilidad y sostenibilidad de los cultivos en la zona, por lo tanto, se estableció un cultivo de maíz híbrido con tecnología Bt con nombre comercial Impacto agrisure viptera 3 en un área de 3900 m² donde se realizaron labores agronómicas de manejo integrado de plagas, enfermedades y de arvenses, de igual manera se ejecutó un plan de fertilización edáfico y foliar teniendo en cuenta los requerimientos nutricionales de la especie, en ese sentido la efectividad de estas prácticas permitió que se obtuviera un rendimiento óptimo de este material vegetal; como resultado se cosecharon 2558 kg de maíz que fueron comercializados mediante dos canales de venta en el municipio y en la zona, logrando de este modo superar el punto de equilibrio económico y obtener una utilidad significativa del proyecto productivo. Por otro lado, para determinar la densidad adecuada de siembra de la variedad de maíz criolla o nativa de la zona, se llevó a cabo un ensayo investigativo que correspondía a un diseño en arreglo factoriales con dos nivele; el nivel 1 pertenecía al tipo de manejo (Técnico y Tradicional) y el nivel 2 constaba de (tres densidades de siembra), de este modo, se obtuvo como resultado que la densidad de siembra 2 que correspondía (0,4 m entre plata y 0,8 m entre surco) bajo el manejo técnico alcanzó un rendimiento significativo a comparación de las demás densidades, por último, se realizó un acompañamiento técnico a los agricultores de la asociación ASOCANORTE donde se fortaleció el manejo integrado del cultivo de cacao con las prácticas de poda de formación y de mantenimiento.
The project was carried out with the purpose of implementing technical management alternatives in the farmers' production systems, thus improving the profitability and sustainability of crops in the area, therefore, a hybrid maize crop with Bt technology named commercial Impacto agrisure viptera 3 in an area of 3900 m² where agronomic work was carried out for the integrated management of pests, diseases and weeds, in the same way an edaphic and foliar fertilization plan was executed taking into account the nutritional requirements of the species, in In this sense, the effectiveness of these practices allowed an optimal yield to be obtained from this plant material. As a result, 2,558 kg of corn were harvested and marketed through two sales channels in the municipality and in the area, thus surpassing the point of economic balance and obtain a significant profit from the productive project. On the other hand, to determine the adequate planting density of the native or native maize variety of the area, an investigative trial was carried out that corresponded to a design in factorial arrangement with two levels; level 1 belonged to the type of management (Technical and Traditional) and level 2 consisted of (three planting densities), in this way, it was obtained as a result that the corresponding planting density 2 (0.4 m between silver and 0.8 m between furrows) under technical management achieved a significant yield compared to the other densities, finally, technical support was provided to farmers from the ASOCANORTE association where the integrated management of cocoa cultivation was strengthened with practices training and maintenance pruning.
The project was carried out with the purpose of implementing technical management alternatives in the farmers' production systems, thus improving the profitability and sustainability of crops in the area, therefore, a hybrid maize crop with Bt technology named commercial Impacto agrisure viptera 3 in an area of 3900 m² where agronomic work was carried out for the integrated management of pests, diseases and weeds, in the same way an edaphic and foliar fertilization plan was executed taking into account the nutritional requirements of the species, in In this sense, the effectiveness of these practices allowed an optimal yield to be obtained from this plant material. As a result, 2,558 kg of corn were harvested and marketed through two sales channels in the municipality and in the area, thus surpassing the point of economic balance and obtain a significant profit from the productive project. On the other hand, to determine the adequate planting density of the native or native maize variety of the area, an investigative trial was carried out that corresponded to a design in factorial arrangement with two levels; level 1 belonged to the type of management (Technical and Traditional) and level 2 consisted of (three planting densities), in this way, it was obtained as a result that the corresponding planting density 2 (0.4 m between silver and 0.8 m between furrows) under technical management achieved a significant yield compared to the other densities, finally, technical support was provided to farmers from the ASOCANORTE association where the integrated management of cocoa cultivation was strengthened with practices training and maintenance pruning.
Palabras clave
Producción de cultivos, Sistema de cultivo, Economía agrícola, Cultivo intensivo, Agricultura industrial, Cultivo de maíz