Propuesta técnica y ambiental para el óptimo aprovechamiento del Poliestireno expandido pos consumo en Colombia, a partir de las empresas localizadas en Bogotá. D.C
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2019
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Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ingeniería. Ingeniería Ambiental y Sanitaria
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De acuerdo a la política nacional de residuos sólidos CONPES 3874 del 21 de noviembre del 2016 y con el fin de fortalecer la economía circular, el presente proyecto se desarrolló como estrategia para potencializar el aprovechamiento del poliestireno expandido pos consumo en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C, planteando una propuesta técnica y ambiental que permita fortalecer la cadena de valor del residuo, incrementando los niveles de separación en la fuente y de aprovechamiento, mediante alianzas estratégicas, dando cumplimiento a lo estipulado en la resolución 1407 de 2018. Para lograr lo anterior, como primera medida se cuantificó la cantidad aproximada de poliestireno expandido pos consumo generado en el área de estudio y el porcentaje que es aprovechado anualmente. Por consiguiente también se identificaron cuatro empresas que valorizan este residuo y mediante encuestas se analizaron sus diferentes procesos, características técnicas y económicas de cada uno de ellos. Finalmente se estableció un análisis de barreras y oportunidades para identificar las ventajas y desventajas que han presentado las empresas durante su trayectoria para posteriormente proponer soluciones.
In accordance with the CONPES 3874 national solid waste policy of November 21, 2016 and to strengthen the circular economy, this project was developed as a strategy to maximize the use of expanded polystyrene after consumption in the city of Bogotá DC, proposing a technical and environmental proposal that allows Strengthening the value chain of waste, increasing levels of separation at source and use, through strategic alliances, in accordance with the provisions of resolution 1407 of 2018. To achieve the above, as a first measure the approximate amount of expanded polystyrene after consumption generated in the study area was quantified and the percentage that is used annually. Therefore, four companies that value this waste were also identified and, through surveys, their different processes, technical and economic characteristics of each of them were analyzed. Finally, an analysis of barriers and opportunities was established to identify the advantages and disadvantages that companies have presented during their trajectory to later propose solutions.
In accordance with the CONPES 3874 national solid waste policy of November 21, 2016 and to strengthen the circular economy, this project was developed as a strategy to maximize the use of expanded polystyrene after consumption in the city of Bogotá DC, proposing a technical and environmental proposal that allows Strengthening the value chain of waste, increasing levels of separation at source and use, through strategic alliances, in accordance with the provisions of resolution 1407 of 2018. To achieve the above, as a first measure the approximate amount of expanded polystyrene after consumption generated in the study area was quantified and the percentage that is used annually. Therefore, four companies that value this waste were also identified and, through surveys, their different processes, technical and economic characteristics of each of them were analyzed. Finally, an analysis of barriers and opportunities was established to identify the advantages and disadvantages that companies have presented during their trajectory to later propose solutions.
Palabras clave
Residuos sólidos, Propuesta técnica y ambiental, Aprovechamiento de residuos, Protección del medio ambiente