Diagnóstico de vertimientos para la formulación del plan de manejo y saneamiento de aguas residuales del municipio Maripi - Boyacá
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Fecha
2019
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Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ingeniería. Ingeniería Ambiental y Sanitaria
Descripción
Debido a la ausencia del tratamiento de aguas residuales en los vertimientos realizados por el municipio de Maripi en la Quebrada Yanacá, se hace necesario realizar un diagnóstico que permita analizar la incidencia social y ambiental de la misma, para avanzar en el proceso de formulación del plan de saneamiento y manejo de vertimientos; igualmente se buscó la disminución del impacto que genera en el cuerpo de agua receptor constituido por la quebrada, de tal manera que dentro del plan se contemple el control y la disposición técnica de los residuos líquidos domésticos. La normatividad nacional señala como obligatoriamente a los municipios la formulación de Planes de Saneamiento y Manejo de Vertimientos, siendo el diagnóstico una herramienta básica, para su formulación, con el fin de iniciar los análisis y proyecciones de los vertimientos, teniendo conocimiento previo de las generalidades que se ofrece en la línea base. Para la obtención del diagnóstico, que es el objeto principal de esta investigación, se tuvo en cuenta la información existente (con vigencia hasta el año 2016) de tal manera que se tramito y acopio nueva información, la cual fue analizada mediante las características fisicoquímicas que han permitido obtener las proyecciones de las cargas contaminantes. El municipio de Maripi (Boyacá) está obligado a cumplir la Resolución 0631 del 2015, capítulo V, del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, en el cual se establece a nivel nacional los parámetros y valores límites máximos permisibles en los vertimientos puntuales a cuerpos de aguas superficiales. La información tanto existente como la generada dentro de la investigación, Posteriormente toda la información y aplicación del software, fue consignada en el documento actual el cual constituye el diagnóstico básico para el cumplimiento de la normatividad nacional por parte del municipio. No obstante que los resultados, análisis y proyecciones contenidos en esta investigación cumplen con los requisitos generales para el desarrollo del proyecto de grado, es responsabilidad de la Alcaldía actualizarlos, presentarlos y justificarlos ante la autoridad competente, en la forma que ellos lo indiquen.
Due to the absence of wastewater treatment in the discharges carried out by the municipality of Maripi in Quebrada Yanacá, it is necessary to make a diagnosis that would allow analyzing the social and environmental incidence of it, to advance the process of formulating the plan of sanitation and discharge management; Likewise, the reduction of the impact generated in the receiving water body constituted by the creek was sought, so that the control and technical disposition of domestic liquid waste is contemplated within the plan. The national regulations indicate that the formulation of Plans for Sanitation and Management of Discharges is mandatory for municipalities, the diagnosis being a basic tool for its formulation, in order to initiate the analysis and projections of spills, having prior knowledge of the generalities that are provided on the baseline. To obtain the diagnosis, which is the main purpose of this investigation, the existing information (valid until 2016) was taken into account so that new information was processed and collected, which was analyzed using the physicochemical characteristics that they have allowed to obtain the projections of the polluting charges. The municipality of Maripi (Boyacá) is obliged to comply with Resolution 0631 of 2015, Chapter V, of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development, in which the parameters and maximum permissible limit values are established at the national level on point discharges to bodies of surface water. The information, both existing and generated within the investigation, was applied in the modeling using the Qual 2kw Software, allowing to determine the removal capacity of the receiving body, and projecting contaminant loads. Subsequently, all the information and application of the software was recorded in this document, which constitutes the basic diagnosis for compliance with the national regulations by the municipality. Although the results, analysis and projections contained in this research comply with the general requirements for the development of the degree project, it is the responsibility of the Mayor to update, present and justify them before the competent authority, in the manner indicated by them
Due to the absence of wastewater treatment in the discharges carried out by the municipality of Maripi in Quebrada Yanacá, it is necessary to make a diagnosis that would allow analyzing the social and environmental incidence of it, to advance the process of formulating the plan of sanitation and discharge management; Likewise, the reduction of the impact generated in the receiving water body constituted by the creek was sought, so that the control and technical disposition of domestic liquid waste is contemplated within the plan. The national regulations indicate that the formulation of Plans for Sanitation and Management of Discharges is mandatory for municipalities, the diagnosis being a basic tool for its formulation, in order to initiate the analysis and projections of spills, having prior knowledge of the generalities that are provided on the baseline. To obtain the diagnosis, which is the main purpose of this investigation, the existing information (valid until 2016) was taken into account so that new information was processed and collected, which was analyzed using the physicochemical characteristics that they have allowed to obtain the projections of the polluting charges. The municipality of Maripi (Boyacá) is obliged to comply with Resolution 0631 of 2015, Chapter V, of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development, in which the parameters and maximum permissible limit values are established at the national level on point discharges to bodies of surface water. The information, both existing and generated within the investigation, was applied in the modeling using the Qual 2kw Software, allowing to determine the removal capacity of the receiving body, and projecting contaminant loads. Subsequently, all the information and application of the software was recorded in this document, which constitutes the basic diagnosis for compliance with the national regulations by the municipality. Although the results, analysis and projections contained in this research comply with the general requirements for the development of the degree project, it is the responsibility of the Mayor to update, present and justify them before the competent authority, in the manner indicated by them
Palabras clave
Diagnóstico de vertimientos, Manejo y saneamiento de aguas residuales, Municipio Maripi, Boyacá