Cambios en la sensibilidad al contraste en individuos con queratocono adaptados con lentes de contacto rígidos gas permeables
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2024
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El queratocono es una ectasia corneal comúnmente bilateral que se manifiesta con el aumento de la curvatura corneal en forma de cono, el debilitamiento y adelgazamiento del estroma; sus efectos ópticos incluyen una reducción variable de la agudeza visual y una mayor sensibilidad al deslumbramiento. La sensibilidad al contraste permite conocer el umbral de una persona para discriminar un objeto de un fondo, cuanto mayor contraste mayor diferencia de luminancia y mejor definición del objeto; esto es de vital importancia para las personas, ya que a diferencia de la agudeza visual esta prueba no se mide con estímulos negros sobre un fondo blanco sino en diferentes tonalidades de grises, simulando la visión en la cotidianidad. Objetivo: Evaluar los cambios en la sensibilidad al contraste en individuos con queratocono antes y después de la adaptación de lentes de contacto RGP en la Clínica de Optometría de la Universidad de la Salle. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con una muestra de 20 pacientes (37 ojos evaluados) con queratocono entre los 18 hasta 35 años; se evaluó la sensibilidad al contraste con los test FACT, CSV1000E, con lentes oftálmicos y después de la adaptación con lentes de contacto. Resultados: Se encontraron cambios, posterior a la adaptación del lente de contacto en las frecuencias espaciales altas y no se evidenció diferencia significativa al comparar la sensibilidad al contraste entre los dos test utilizados. Conclusión: Existen cambios significativos en la sensibilidad al contraste, tanto en la prueba del FACT como el CVS-1000 E en las frecuencias espaciales de 12 y 18 cpm después de la adaptación de lentes de contacto.
Keratoconus is a commonly bilateral, non-inflammatory corneal ectasia characterized by an increase in corneal curvature in a conical shape, weakening and thinning of the stroma. Its optical effects include a variable reduction in visual acuity and increased sensitivity to glare. Contrast sensitivity allows determining a person's threshold to discriminate an object from a background; higher contrast means greater luminance difference and better object definition. This is crucial as, unlike visual acuity, this test does not involve black stimuli on a white background but in different shades of gray, simulating vision in everyday life. Objective: To evaluate changes in contrast sensitivity in individuals with keratoconus before and after adaptation to RGP contact lenses at the optometry clinic of Universidad de la Salle. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study, with a sample of 20 patients (37 eyes) with keratoconus between 18 and 35 years old, who attended the clinic of the University of La Salle. Contrast sensitivity was evaluated with the FACT, CSV1000 E tests, with ophthalmic lenses and after contact lens fitting. Result: It was found that after contact lens fitting there were changes in high spatial frequencies and there was no significant difference when comparing contrast sensitivity between the two contrast sensitivity tests used. Conclusion: There are significant changes in contrast sensitivity, both in the FACT test and the CVS-1000 at the spatial frequencies of 12 and 18 cpm after contact lens adaptation.
Keratoconus is a commonly bilateral, non-inflammatory corneal ectasia characterized by an increase in corneal curvature in a conical shape, weakening and thinning of the stroma. Its optical effects include a variable reduction in visual acuity and increased sensitivity to glare. Contrast sensitivity allows determining a person's threshold to discriminate an object from a background; higher contrast means greater luminance difference and better object definition. This is crucial as, unlike visual acuity, this test does not involve black stimuli on a white background but in different shades of gray, simulating vision in everyday life. Objective: To evaluate changes in contrast sensitivity in individuals with keratoconus before and after adaptation to RGP contact lenses at the optometry clinic of Universidad de la Salle. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study, with a sample of 20 patients (37 eyes) with keratoconus between 18 and 35 years old, who attended the clinic of the University of La Salle. Contrast sensitivity was evaluated with the FACT, CSV1000 E tests, with ophthalmic lenses and after contact lens fitting. Result: It was found that after contact lens fitting there were changes in high spatial frequencies and there was no significant difference when comparing contrast sensitivity between the two contrast sensitivity tests used. Conclusion: There are significant changes in contrast sensitivity, both in the FACT test and the CVS-1000 at the spatial frequencies of 12 and 18 cpm after contact lens adaptation.
Palabras clave
Queratocono, Sensibilidad al contraste, Lentes rígido, Gas permeables, Alteración corneal, Aberraciones ópticas