Manejo técnico del cultivo de durazno (Prunus pérsica) variedad Gran Jarillo y el cultivo de higo (Ficus carica) ubicados en el municipio de Silos
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2023
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Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Ingeniería Agronómica
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Desde su llegada hace 20 años al municipio de Silos, el cultivo de durazno ha sido motor generador de ingresos y empleo para los habitantes del municipio; así mismo, en menor proporción el cultivo de higo desde hace poco más de una década se viene considerado una explotación agrícola muy rentable por las familias productoras del corregimiento de Babega, sin embargo, los manejos empleados para producir estas frutas carecen de mucha tecnificación e implementación de tecnología. El trabajo descrito a continuación tuvo, a grandes rasgos, el objetivo de manejar técnicamente dos ciclos productivos en dos cultivos de gran importancia económica para el municipio de Silos, los cuales son el durazno (Prunus persica) y el higo (Ficus carica). Este trabajo consta de cuatro componentes: agronómico, investigativo, social y empresarial. Para desarrollar el componente agronómico, se implementaron nuevas prácticas y herramientas agronómicas, como lo son: manejos integrados de plagas, enfermedades y arvenses, instalación de sistemas de riego y fertilización basada en análisis de suelo; estos métodos se fueron optimizando de acuerdo con las observaciones realizadas en la primera cosecha de cada cultivo, lo que ha permitido un mejor desarrollo de las plantas en el segundo ciclo que aún sigue ejecutándose.
Since its arrival 20 years ago in the municipality of Silos, the peach crop has been a driving force in generating income and employment for the inhabitants of the municipality. income and employment for the inhabitants of the municipality; likewise, to a lesser extent, fig cultivation has been fig cultivation has been considered a very profitable farm for the families in the township of Silos for over a decade. for the farming families in the township of Babega, however, the management used to produce these fruits lacks However, the management used to produce these fruits lacks a great deal of technical and technological implementation. of technology. The work described below had the broad objective of technically managing two production cycles in two different two production cycles in two crops of great economic importance for the municipality of Silos. the municipality of Silos, which are peach (Prunus persica) and fig (Ficus carica). This work consists of four components: agronomic, research, social and business. To develop the agronomic agronomic component, new agronomic practices and tools were implemented, such as: integrated pest management, integrated pest management and integrated pest control. integrated management of pests, diseases and weeds, installation of irrigation systems and fertilization based on soil analysis. fertilization based on soil analysis; these methods were optimized according to the observations made in the first harvest of each These methods were optimized according to the observations made during the first harvest of each crop, which has allowed for better plant development in the second cycle. The second cycle, which is still in progress, has allowed for better plant development.
Since its arrival 20 years ago in the municipality of Silos, the peach crop has been a driving force in generating income and employment for the inhabitants of the municipality. income and employment for the inhabitants of the municipality; likewise, to a lesser extent, fig cultivation has been fig cultivation has been considered a very profitable farm for the families in the township of Silos for over a decade. for the farming families in the township of Babega, however, the management used to produce these fruits lacks However, the management used to produce these fruits lacks a great deal of technical and technological implementation. of technology. The work described below had the broad objective of technically managing two production cycles in two different two production cycles in two crops of great economic importance for the municipality of Silos. the municipality of Silos, which are peach (Prunus persica) and fig (Ficus carica). This work consists of four components: agronomic, research, social and business. To develop the agronomic agronomic component, new agronomic practices and tools were implemented, such as: integrated pest management, integrated pest management and integrated pest control. integrated management of pests, diseases and weeds, installation of irrigation systems and fertilization based on soil analysis. fertilization based on soil analysis; these methods were optimized according to the observations made in the first harvest of each These methods were optimized according to the observations made during the first harvest of each crop, which has allowed for better plant development in the second cycle. The second cycle, which is still in progress, has allowed for better plant development.
Palabras clave
Manejo integrado, Ciclo productivo, Cadena productiva, Fertilización, Control de plagas, Almacenamiento