Tutor 1
Benavides Ortíz, Efraín
Tutor 2
Gómez Ramírez, Arlen Patricia
Resumen
La garrapata marrón del perro Rhipicephalus sanguineus es un ectoparásito cosmopolita vector de entre otros organismos, Babesia canis y Ehrlichia canis, que basa su presencia en diversas regiones en su gran adaptación a ambientes domésticos y peridomésticos. No hay experiencias previas en Colombia de trabajos que estudien componentes del ciclo de vida, que propendan por el desarrollo de métodos para el mantenimiento de esta garrapata en el laboratorio o perfeccionen modelos de investigación. Para atender esa necesidad y brindar información sobre el comportamiento de las fases no parasitarias de esta garrapata, se realizó un estudio, en donde se midió el efecto de tres rangos de temperatura sobre la duración de la fase no parasítica y capacidad reproductiva de la garrapata R. sanguineus utilizando el conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus) como fuente de alimentación en la fase parasitaria. Para ello se emplearon cámaras de alimentación plásticas adheridas al dorso de los animales, con mínimo disturbio para ellos. La alimentación de las larvas duró cinco días, la de las ninfas entre 8-10 días y la de adultos once días. Se diseñaron cámaras climatizadas en madera con termostato para alcanzar los rangos de 2 temperatura requeridos. Estos fueron de 24-31 °C (alta), 17-26 °C (media) o la temperatura ambiente intra domiciliar alcanzada en la ciudad de Bogotá (10-22 °C).
Resumen en lengua extranjera 1
The brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a cosmopolitan ectoparasite vector among others of Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis, which bases its presence in various regions in its great adaptation to domestic and peridomestic environments. There are not previous experiences in Colombia of efforts to study the life cycle components that propitiate the development of methods for the maintenance of this tick or refine laboratory research models. To address this need and to provide information on the behavior of non-parasitic stages of this tick, a study was conducted, where we measured the effect of three temperature ranges on the duration of the non parasitic phase and the reproductive capacity of the tick R. sanguineus using the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) as a source of feeding in the parasitic phase. For this, plastic feeding chambers adhered to the back of the animals were used, with minimum disturbance to them. The larval feeding lasted five days, the nymphal one ranged 8-10 days, and the adult feeding lasted eleven days. Wood chambers were designed with heated thermostat to achieve the required temperature ranges. These were from 24 to 31 °C (high), 17-26 °C (medium) or intradomiciliar temperature reached in the city of Bogotá (10-22 °C). The non parasitic life cycle was completed in the three temperature ranges, being always shorter at the higher temperature. Moulting times of engorged larva to nymphs at the temperatures ranges, high, medium and environment were respectively of 9, 14 and 36 days; and the 4 moulting time of engorged nymph to adults in two tests respectively ranged between 11 to 20 days (high) , 14 to 28 days (medium) and 18-28 days (environmental). The hatching percentages of nymphs or adults were not significantly different (p> 0.05) between temperatures. The Larva Adult Period (LAP) differed between ticks incubated at different temperatures (F= 7.48, p= 0.0051), with an average of 24 days at high temperature, 39 days in the medium temperature and 64 days in the environmental intradomiciliar temperature. In the same ranges of temperatures, the hatching percentages of larvae were respectively 98%, 90% and 50%. Although no biological test of viability was conducted, all hatched larvae of ticks incubated at the three temperatures, seemed active and viable.
Palabras clave
Garrapata marrón del perro, Fases de vida libre, Cámaras climatizadas, Conejo, Periodo adulto-larva
Tipo de documento
Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
Licencia Creative Commons
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.
Fecha de elaboración
2013
Programa académico
Medicina Veterinaria
Facultad
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias
Citación recomendada
Castillo Espinosa, J. A., & Hernández, D. A. (2013). Determinación de la duración del ciclo de vida de la garrapata Rhipicephalus sanguineus a tres temperaturas de incubación. Retrieved from https://ciencia.lasalle.edu.co/medicina_veterinaria/417
Publisher
Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Medicina Veterinaria